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发布日期:2019/6/27 15:48:55 访问次数:6896
介质在外加电场时会产生感应电荷而削弱电场,介质中的电场减小与原外加电场(真空中)的比值即为相对介电常数(relative permittivity或dielectric constant),又称诱电率,与频率相赶紧收拾起自己关。介电常数是相对介电常数与真空中绝对介电常数乘积。如果有高介电常数的材料放在电场中,电场的强度会在电介质内有可观的下降。理想导体(金属)的相对介电常数为无穷大。
根据物质的介电常数可以判别高分子材料的极性大虽然比起大神们来说小。通常,相对介电常数大于滚烫小抄手3.6的物质为极性物质;相对介电常数在2.8~3.6范围内的物质为弱极性物质;相对介电常数小笑着于2.8为非极性物质。
同理,我们根据高分子材料的极性也可以大致推测材料介电常数大小,极性基坐在了马背上团多,介电常数高,极性基团少介亲生女儿电常数小。下面是常见材料的介电常数的大小:
聚合物 |
最低值 |
最高值 |
HIPS Flame Retardant V0 |
2 |
3 |
PCTFE - Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene |
2 |
3 |
PMMA - Polymethylmethacrylate/Acrylic |
2 |
5 |
FEP - Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene |
2.1 |
2.1 |
PFA - Perfluoroalkoxy |
2.1 |
2.1 |
PTFE - Polytetrafluoroethylene |
2.1 |
2.1 |
PMP - Polymethylpentene |
2.1 |
3.6 |
HDPE - High Density Polyethylene |
2.3 |
2.3 |
LDPE - Low Density Polyethylene |
2.3 |
2.3 |
LLDPE - Linear Low Density Polyethylene |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PMP Mineral Filled |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PP, 10-40% Mineral Filled |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PP, 10-40% Talc Filled |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PP (Polypropylene) Copolymer |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PP (Polypropylene) Homopolymer |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PP, Impact Modified |
2.3 |
2.3 |
UHMWPE - Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene |
2.3 |
2.3 |
PMP 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
2.4 |
2.4 |
PS (Polystyrene) Crystal |
2.4 |
2.7 |
PS, High Heat |
2.4 |
2.7 |
HIPS - High Impact Polystyrene |
2.4 |
4.8 |
ABS High Heat |
2.4 |
5 |
ABS High Impact |
2.4 |
5 |
PS (Polystyrene) 30% glass fiber |
2.5 |
2.5 |
EVA - Ethylene Vinyl Acetate |
2.5 |
3 |
SAN - Styrene Acrylonitrile |
2.5 |
3.4 |
ECTFE |
2.57 |
2.59 |
ETFE - Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene |
2.6 |
2.6 |
PP - Polypropylene 10-20% Glass Fiber |
2.6 |
2.6 |
PP, 30-40% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
2.6 |
2.6 |
PPE - Polyphenylene Ether |
2.7 |
2.7 |
PPE, Flame Retardant |
2.7 |
2.7 |
PE - Polyethylene 30% Glass Fiber |
2.7 |
2.8 |
ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene |
2.7 |
3.2 |
SMA - Styrene Maleic Anhydride |
2.8 |
2.8 |
ABS Flame Retardant |
2.8 |
3 |
MABS - Transparent Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene |
2.8 |
3 |
PC - Polycarbonate, high heat |
2.8 |
3.8 |
PPE, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
2.9 |
2.9 |
ABS/PC Blend - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene/Polycarbonate Blend |
2.9 |
3.2 |
PMMA (Acrylic) Impact Modified |
2.9 |
3.7 |
PBT - Polybutylene Terephthalate |
2.9 |
4 |
PA 66, Impact Modified |
2.9 |
5 |
PC/PBT Blend - Polycarbonate/Polybutylene Terephthalate Blend |
2.95 |
3.14 |
PTFE, 25% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3 |
3 |
PSU - Polysulfone |
3 |
3.2 |
PPS - Polyphenylene Sulfide |
3 |
3.3 |
ASA/PC Blend - Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate/Polycarbonate Blend |
3 |
3.4 |
PC (Polycarbonate) 20-40% Glass Fiber |
3 |
3.5 |
PC (Polycarbonate) 20-40% Glass Fiber Flame Retardant |
3 |
3.8 |
CP - Cellulose Proprionate |
3 |
4 |
LCP Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3 |
4 |
PA 6-10 - Polyamide 6-10 |
3 |
4 |
PBT, 30% Glass Fiber |
3 |
4 |
PEI, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3 |
4 |
PEI, Mineral Filled |
3 |
4 |
PET - Polyethylene Terephtalate |
3 |
4 |
PET, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3 |
4 |
PETG - Polyethylene Terephtalate Glycol |
3 |
4 |
POM (Acetal) Low Friction |
3 |
4 |
PVC Rigid |
3 |
4 |
PVC, Plasticized |
3 |
5 |
PVC, Plasticized Filled |
3 |
5 |
LCP Mineral-filled |
3 |
5.9 |
CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride |
3 |
6 |
PVDC - Polyvinylidene Chloride |
3 |
6 |
CAB - Cellulose Acetate Butyrate |
3 |
7 |
CA - Cellulose Acetate |
3 |
8 |
PA 11, Conductive |
3 |
9 |
PA 11, Flexible |
3 |
9 |
PA 11, Rigid |
3 |
9 |
PA 12 (Polyamide 12), Conductive |
3 |
9 |
PA 12, Fiber-reinforced |
3 |
9 |
PA 12, Flexible |
3 |
9 |
PA 12, Glass Filled |
3 |
9 |
PA 12, Rigid |
3 |
9 |
SRP - Self-reinforced Polyphenylene |
3.1 |
3.1 |
ABS/PC Blend 20% Glass Fiber |
3.1 |
3.2 |
PEI - Polyetherimide |
3.1 |
3.2 |
PI - Polyimide |
3.1 |
3.55 |
ASA/PC Flame Retardant |
3.2 |
3.2 |
PEEK - Polyetheretherketone |
3.2 |
3.2 |
SMMA - Styrene Methyl Methacrylate |
3.2 |
3.2 |
PEEK 30% Carbon Fiber-reinforced |
3.2 |
3.4 |
SAN, 20% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3.2 |
3.8 |
PMMA (Acrylic) High Heat |
3.2 |
4 |
LCP - Liquid Crystal Polymer |
3.3 |
3.3 |
PAR - Polyarylate |
3.3 |
3.3 |
PEKK (Polyetherketoneketone), Low Cristallinity Grade |
3.3 |
3.3 |
SMA, 20% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3.3 |
3.3 |
ASA - Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate |
3.3 |
3.8 |
PPS, 20-30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3.3 |
3.8 |
PC/PBT blend, Glass Filled |
3.3 |
3.9 |
PEEK 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
3.3 |
4.2 |
POM - Polyoxymethylene (Acetal) |
3.3 |
4.7 |
PPSU - Polyphenylene Sulfone |
3.4 |
3.5 |
PA 46 - Polyamide 46 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
PA 66, Impact Modified, 15-30% Glass Fiber |
3.4 |
4.2 |
Amorphous TPI Blend, Ultra-high heat, Chemical Resistant (Standard Flow) |
3.5 |
3.5 |
PESU - Polyethersulfone |
3.5 |
4.1 |
PA 66, 30% Glass Fiber |
3.5 |
5.6 |
PSU, 30% Glass finer-reinforced |
3.6 |
3.7 |
PPA, 33% Glass Fiber-reinforced – High Flow |
3.7 |
3.9 |
PARA (Polyarylamide), 30-60% glass fiber |
3.9 |
4.5 |
PAI - Polyamide-Imide |
3.9 |
7.3 |
PPS, 40% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
4 |
4 |
PPA, 30% Mineral-filled |
4 |
4.2 |
POM (Acetal) Impact Modified |
4 |
4.3 |
PA 46, 30% Glass Fiber |
4 |
4.6 |
PA 6 - Polyamide 6 |
4 |
5 |
PA 66 - Polyamide 6-6 |
4 |
5 |
PA 66, 30% Mineral filled |
4 |
5 |
PESU 10-30% glass fiber |
4.2 |
4.3 |
PAI, 30% Glass Fiber |
4.2 |
6.5 |
PPA - Polyphthalamide |
4.3 |
4.3 |
PPA, 33% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
4.4 |
4.6 |
PPA, 45% Glass Fiber-reinforced |
4.4 |
4.6 |
PA 11 - (Polyamide 11) 30% Glass fiber reinforced |
4.8 |
4.8 |
EVOH - Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol |
4.8 |
5.6 |
PPS, Glass fiber & Mineral-filled |
5 |
5 |
PVDF - Polyvinylidene Fluoride |
6 |
9 |
目前大家探讨比较多是5G工程塑料,主要分为薄膜产品(LCP,PI等用在线路板,天线)、还有就是结构件(注塑成型),如低介电LCP、PBT、PPO、PPS等。选材中既要满足介电常数低又要满足力Ψ学性能、化学性能、电性能等因素。改性塑那时候就应该离开料的介电常数跟基材的分子结构有关,同时也跟增强/填充材纯属浪费料的介电常数有关。
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